Some of the methods for monoclonal antibodies are:
Hybridoma fusion technology
Since the development of hybridoma fusion technology in 1975 by Georges Kohler and Cesar Milstein and its application to the development of mouse monoclonal antibodies, it has had a major impact on modern biomedical research. To know more about antibody production, you can also browse https://www.bosterbio.com/featured-products.
This is the oldest technology used to make monoclonal antibodies: to immortalize antibody-secreting B cells by combining B lymphocytes and myeloma cells in immunized animals.
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Hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies were then selected using limited dilution cloning. Monoclonal antibodies are produced on a large scale by enhancing cultured cell strains.
Phage display library technology
In 1985 George Smith et al. found that the pIII gene (which encodes for the phage mycelium protein) can be engineered to express various peptides or protein sequences without affecting phage activity and infection function.
Then, in the early 1990s, phage display technology was used to screen for monoclonal antibodies, and scFv and Fab fragments of the target antibody were successfully screened by constructing a phage library containing the antibody gene encoding.
Combination of proteomics and NGS technology
NG-XMTTM technology was developed by Cell Signaling Technology in 2012. It combines next-generation sequencing (NGS) with proteomics. Antibodies were obtained from the peripheral blood of animals immunized using protein antigens, and amino acid sequence information was obtained by mass spectrometry.